Reclaiming the public space

Objective The spread and energy of protests against racial injustice police brutality throughout summer 2020 featured the forcible removal monuments by members public. In this article, we argue that these “publicly initiated” monument removals are a novel tactic in protest repertoire can be differentiated from public officials. Methods Using data Confederate Monuments Project, analyze whether factors such as momentum state repression demonstrators differentiate type. Results We find locations with greater number June were more likely to removed do not support for relationship between use removal. Conclusion Our findings suggest scholars should continue pursue distinction two types monuments, particularly regards study political mobilization.